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1903 Petrol Electric Autocar
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1903 Petrol Electric Autocar : ウィキペディア英語版
1903 Petrol Electric Autocar

1903 Petrol Electric Autocar. In 1903 the North Eastern Railway built two experimental railcars at their carriage works in York. These were powered by petrol engines which generated electricity for two traction motors which were mounted on the bogie underneath. This means of powering a railway vehicle was pioneering and would eventually be developed into the diesel-electric technology that powered and powers many locomotives worldwide. The railcars were numbered 3170 and 3171 and were 53.5 feet long and weighed around 35 tons. The engine was mounted in an engine compartment 13.25 feet long. The rest of the vehicles' length was taken up by a vestibule, driving compartment and a 52-seat passenger compartment.
==Powertrain==

Various petrol engines were used, an 85 hp Napier engine was the first to be installed, but these were found unsatisfactory, so were replaced in 1904 by Wolseley engines. These flat-four engines produced 92 bhp at their normal rated speed of 400rpm, and well over 100 bhp when run at 480rpm. The cylinders were 8.5 inch diameter with 10 inch stroke. The engine had a 3-foot diameter flywheel, and was coupled directly to a Westinghouse multi-polar dynamo. A small dynamo driven by belt from the flywheel provided charge for the accumulators which enabled electric starting of the engine, lighting for the carriage, and the exciting current for the field coils in the main dynamo, controlled by rheostats at either end of the railcar. The engine speed could likewise be controlled via a throttle from either end of the railcar. The output from the main dynamo was sent to two electric motors, one at the inboard end of each of the railcar bogies.〔"Motor Coaches for Railways", the Automotor Journal, 23 January 1904, p87〕
In 1923 No. 3170 was re-engined with a more powerful 225HP engine, allowing it to haul an unpowered coach as an early version of the multiple units used today. Maximum speed was only 36 mph but acceleration and braking to and from this was reported to be brisk, taking around 30 seconds. In 1908 a pair of seats were removed to enlarge the vestibules, reducing the seating accommodation to 48. In appearance the railcars were similar to single decker trams. The NER called them autocars as they could be driven from either end, as with modern passenger trains.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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